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Intended Audience
Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide is intended for database administrators,
system administrators, and database application developers who perform the
following tasks:
■ Set up a globalization support environment
■ Choose, analyze, or migrate character sets
■ Sort data linguistically
■ Customize locale data
■ Write programs in a global environment
■ Use Unicode
To use this document, you need to be familiar with relational database concepts, basic
Oracle server concepts, and the operating system environment under which you are
running Oracle.
Documentation Accessibility
For information about Oracle’s commitment to accessibility, visit the Oracle
Accessibility Program website at
http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=docacc.
Access to Oracle Support
Oracle customers have access to electronic support through My Oracle Support. For
information, visit
xvi
http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=info or visit
http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=trs if you are
hearing impaired.
Related Documentation
Many of the examples in this book use the sample schemas of the seed database, which
is installed by default when you install Oracle. Refer to Oracle Database Sample Schemas
for information on how these schemas were created and how you can use them
yourself.
Printed documentation is available for sale in the Oracle Store at
http://oraclestore.oracle.com/
To download free release notes, installation documentation, white papers, or other
collateral, please visit the Oracle Technology Network (OTN). You must register
online before using OTN; registration is free and can be done at
http://www.oracle.com/technology/
If you already have a username and password for OTN, then you can go directly to the
documentation section of the OTN Web site at
http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/
Conventions
This section describes the conventions used in the text and code examples of this
documentation set. It describes:
■ Conventions in Text
■ Conventions in Code Examples
■ Conventions for Windows Operating Systems
Conventions in Text
We use various conventions in text to help you more quickly identify special terms.
The following table describes those conventions and provides examples of their use.
Convention Meaning Example
Bold Bold typeface indicates terms that are
defined in the text or terms that appear in a
glossary, or both.
When you specify this clause, you create an
index-organized table.
Italics Italic typeface indicates book titles or
emphasis.
Oracle Database Concepts
Ensure that the recovery catalog and target
database do not reside on the same disk.
UPPERCASE
monospace
(fixed-width)
font
Uppercase monospace typeface indicates
elements supplied by the system. Such
elements include parameters, privileges,
datatypes, RMAN keywords, SQL
keywords, SQL*Plus or utility commands,
packages and methods, as well as
system-supplied column names, database
objects and structures, usernames, and
roles.
You can specify this clause only for a NUMBER
column.
You can back up the database by using the
BACKUP command.
Query the TABLE_NAME column in the USER_
TABLES data dictionary view.
Use the DBMS_STATS.GENERATE_STATS
procedure.
xvii
Conventions in Code Examples
Code examples illustrate SQL, PL/SQL, SQL*Plus, or other command-line statements.
They are displayed in a monospace (fixed-width) font and separated from normal text
as shown in this example:
SELECT username FROM dba_users WHERE username = 'MIGRATE';
The following table describes typographic conventions used in code examples and
provides examples of their use.
lowercase
monospace
(fixed-width)
font
Lowercase monospace typeface indicates
executables, filenames, directory names,
and sample user-supplied elements. Such
elements include computer and database
names, net service names, and connect
identifiers, as well as user-supplied
database objects and structures, column
names, packages and classes, usernames
and roles, program units, and parameter
values.
Note: Some programmatic elements use a
mixture of UPPERCASE and lowercase.
Enter these elements as shown.
Enter sqlplus to start SQL*Plus.
The password is specified in the orapwd file.
Back up the datafiles and control files in the
/disk1/oracle/dbs directory.
The department_id, department_name, and
location_id columns are in the
hr.departments table.
Set the QUERY_REWRITE_ENABLED initialization
parameter to true.
Connect as oe user.
The JRepUtil class implements these methods.
lowercase
italic
monospace
(fixed-width)
font
Lowercase italic monospace font
represents placeholders or variables.
You can specify the parallel_clause.
Run old_release.SQL where old_release
refers to the release you installed prior to
upgrading.
Convention Meaning Example
[ ] Brackets enclose one or more optional
items. Do not enter the brackets.
DECIMAL (digits [ , precision ])
{ } Braces enclose two or more items, one of
which is required. Do not enter the braces.
{ENABLE | DISABLE}
| A vertical bar represents a choice of two or
more options within brackets or braces.
Enter one of the options. Do not enter the
vertical bar.
{ENABLE | DISABLE}
[COMPRESS | NOCOMPRESS]
... Horizontal ellipsis points indicate either:
■ That we have omitted parts of the
code that are not directly related to the
example
■ That you can repeat a portion of the
code
CREATE TABLE ... AS subquery;
SELECT col1, col2, ... , coln FROM
employees;
.
.
.
Vertical ellipsis points indicate that we
have omitted several lines of code not
directly related to the example.
SQL> SELECT NAME FROM V$DATAFILE;
NAME
------------------------------------
/fsl/dbs/tbs_01.dbf
/fs1/dbs/tbs_02.dbf
...
/fsl/dbs/tbs_09.dbf
9 rows selected.
Convention Meaning Example
xviii
Conventions for Windows Operating Systems
The following table describes conventions for Windows operating systems and
provides examples of their use.
Other notation You must enter symbols other than
brackets, braces, vertical bars, and ellipsis
points as shown.
acctbal NUMBER(11,2);
acct CONSTANT NUMBER(4) := 3;
Italics Italicized text indicates placeholders or
variables for which you must supply
particular values.
CONNECT SYSTEM/system_password
DB_NAME = database_name
UPPERCASE Uppercase typeface indicates elements
supplied by the system. We show these
terms in uppercase in order to distinguish
them from terms you define. Unless terms
appear in brackets, enter them in the order
and with the spelling shown. However,
because these terms are not case sensitive,
you can enter them in lowercase.
SELECT last_name, employee_id FROM
employees;
SELECT * FROM USER_TABLES;
DROP TABLE hr.employees;
lowercase Lowercase typeface indicates
programmatic elements that you supply.
For example, lowercase indicates names of
tables, columns, or files.
Note: Some programmatic elements use a
mixture of UPPERCASE and lowercase.
Enter these elements as shown.
SELECT last_name, employee_id FROM
employees;
sqlplus hr/hr
CREATE USER mjones IDENTIFIED BY ty3MU9;
Convention Meaning Example
Choose Start > How to start a program. To start the Database Configuration Assistant,
choose Start > Programs > Oracle - HOME_
NAME > Configuration and Migration Tools >
Database Configuration Assistant.
File and directory
names
File and directory names are not case
sensitive. The following special characters
are not allowed: left angle bracket (<), right
angle bracket (>), colon (:), double
quotation marks ("), slash (/), pipe (|), and
dash (-). The special character backslash (\)
is treated as an element separator, even
when it appears in quotes. If the file name
begins with \\, then Windows assumes it
uses the Universal Naming Convention.
c:\winnt"\"system32 is the same as
C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32
C:\> Represents the Windows command
prompt of the current hard disk drive. The
escape character in a command prompt is
the caret (^). Your prompt reflects the
subdirectory in which you are working.
Referred to as the command prompt in this
manual.
C:\oracle\oradata>
Convention Meaning Example
xix
Special characters The backslash (\) special character is
sometimes required as an escape character
for the double quotation mark (") special
character at the Windows command
prompt. Parentheses and the single
quotation mark (') do not require an escape
character. Refer to your Windows
operating system documentation for more
information on escape and special
characters.
C:\>exp scott/tiger TABLES=emp
QUERY=\"WHERE job='SALESMAN' and
sal<1600\"
C:\>imp SYSTEM/password FROMUSER=scott
TABLES=(emp, dept)
HOME_NAME Represents the Oracle home name. The
home name can be up to 16 alphanumeric
characters. The only special character
allowed in the home name is the
underscore.
C:\> net start OracleHOME_NAMETNSListener
ORACLE_HOME
and ORACLE_
BASE
In releases prior to Oracle8i release 8.1.3,
when you installed Oracle components, all
subdirectories were located under a top
level ORACLE_HOME directory that by
default used one of the following names:
■ C:\orant for Windows NT
■ C:\orawin98 for Windows 98
This release complies with Optimal
Flexible Architecture (OFA) guidelines. All
subdirectories are not under a top level
ORACLE_HOME directory. There is a top
level directory called ORACLE_BASE that
by default is C:\oracle. If you install the
latest Oracle release on a computer with no
other Oracle installed, then the default
setting for the first Oracle home directory
is C:\oracle\orann, where nn is the
latest release number. The Oracle home
directory is located directly under
ORACLE_BASE.
All directory path examples in this guide
follow OFA conventions.
Refer to Oracle Database Platform Guide for
Microsoft Windows for additional
information about OFA compliances and
for information about installing Oracle
products in non-OFA compliant
directories.
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