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Chapter 1: Running Java: Compilation, Loading, and 

Execution 

Before a Java program can be executed, it must be compiled and loaded. The compiler checks that the 

Java program is legal: that the program conforms to the Java syntax (grammar), that operators (such as 

+) are applied operands (such as 5 and x) of the correct type, and so on. If so, the compiler generates 

so-called class files. Execution then starts by loading the needed class files. 

Thus running a Java program involves three stages: compilation (checks that the program is well￾formed), loading (loads and initializes classes), and execution (runs the program code). 

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Chapter 2: Names and Reserved Names 

A legal name (of a variable, method, field, parameter, class, interface or package) starts with a letter or 

dollar sign ($) or underscore (_), and continues with zero or more letters or dollar signs or underscores 

or digits (0–9). Avoid dollar signs in class names. Uppercase letters and lowercase letters are 

considered distinct. A legal name cannot be one of the following reserved names: 

abstract char else goto long public 

assert class extends if native return 

boolean const false implements new short 

break continue final import null static 

byte default finally instanceof package strictfp 

case do float int private super 

catch double for interface protected switch